1. Preparation before welding

(1)根據(jù)板厚形式，采用機械加工、等離子孤切割或碳弧氣刨等方法下料加工坡口，為了避免飛濺金屬損傷，在使用碳弧氣刨和開坡口和手工電弧焊接時，應(yīng)在坡口兩側(cè)涂上石灰粉。

(1) According to the form of plate thickness, the groove shall be cut by machining, plasma arc cutting or carbon arc gouging. In order to avoid splashing metal damage, lime powder shall be coated on both sides of the groove when carbon arc gouging, beveling and manual arc welding are used.

(2)坡口形式宜采用V 形坡口，要采用較小的焊接電流，這樣可以防止不銹鋼產(chǎn)生晶間腐蝕。

(2) V-shaped groove shall be adopted for groove form, and small welding current shall be adopted, so as to prevent intergranular corrosion of stainless steel.

(3)為了滿足接頭具有相同的性能，應(yīng)遵循“等成分”原則來選擇焊接材料，同時要注意接頭中的鐵素體不能太多，這樣是為了增強接頭抗熱裂紋和晶間腐蝕能力。

(3) In order to meet the same performance of the joint, the welding material shall be selected according to the principle of "equal composition". At the same time, it shall be noted that there shall not be too much ferrite in the joint, so as to enhance the heat crack and intergranular corrosion resistance of the joint.

(4)應(yīng)采用嚴(yán)格的定位焊，遵循“短而厚”、“點焊不焊透”的原則。

(4) Strict tack welding shall be adopted and the principles of "short and thick" and "spot welding without penetration" shall be followed.

2.焊接技術(shù)要求

2. Welding technical requirements

(1)手工電弧焊時焊機應(yīng)采用直流反接，氬弧焊時應(yīng)采用直流正接。

(1) DC reverse connection shall be adopted for manual arc welding and DC positive connection shall be adopted for argon arc welding.

(2)在焊接前，應(yīng)將焊絲用不銹鋼絲刷掉表面的氧化皮，并用丙酮清洗，然后進行烘干，隨取隨用。

(2) Before welding, the welding wire shall be brushed off the oxide scale on the surface with stainless steel wire, cleaned with acetone, and then dried for use at any time.

(3)打底焊時焊縫厚度應(yīng)盡量薄，這樣利于與根部熔合良好；收弧時要成緩坡形，如有收弧縮孔，應(yīng)用磨光機磨掉。要在坡口內(nèi)引弧熄弧，熄弧時應(yīng)填滿弧坑，防止弧坑裂紋。

(3) During backing welding, the weld thickness shall be as thin as possible, which is conducive to good fusion with the root; The arc closing shall be in a gentle slope shape. If there is arc closing shrinkage, it shall be ground off with a grinder. Arc striking and extinguishing shall be carried out in the groove. During arc extinguishing, the arc pit shall be filled to prevent arc pit cracks.

(4)為了防止碳化物析出敏化及晶間腐蝕，應(yīng)嚴(yán)格控制層間溫度和焊后冷卻速度，所以要求焊接時層間溫度控制在60℃ 以下。

(4) In order to prevent carbide precipitation sensitization and intergranular corrosion, the interlayer temperature and cooling rate after welding should be strictly controlled, so the interlayer temperature during welding is required to be controlled below 60 ℃.

(5)在施焊時盡量使用氬弧焊搖把技術(shù)，該技術(shù)能很好的控制焊層表面顏色以及成形，焊接效果比較理想。

(5) Argon arc welding crank technology shall be used as much as possible during welding. This technology can well control the surface color and shape of welding layer, and the welding effect is ideal.